Thymosin Alpha-1 2mg

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Thymosin Alpha-1 2mg

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Product Usage: This PRODUCT IS INTENDED AS A RESEARCH CHEMICAL ONLY. This designation allows the use of research chemicals strictly for in vitro testing and laboratory experimentation only. All product information available on this website is for educational purposes only. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law. This product should only be handled by licensed, qualified professionals. This product is not a drug, food, or cosmetic and may not be misbranded, misused or mislabled as a drug, food or cosmetic.

Description

Thymosin Alpha-1: An Overview

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a biologically active peptide derived from the thymus gland, a key organ in the immune system responsible for the maturation of T cells. Comprising 28 amino acids, Tα1 plays a crucial role in modulating the immune response, enhancing the body’s ability to fight off infections, tumors, and other diseases. Its discovery and subsequent research have led to significant insights into its potential therapeutic applications, especially in immunodeficient states and chronic infections.

Thymosin Alpha-1 Chemical Composition

  • Chemical Structure: Tα1 is a peptide consisting of 28 amino acids, with the sequence Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Gly.
  • Synonyms: THYMOSIN ALPHA 1;THYMOSIN ALPHA1 BOVINE;THYMOSIN APHA 1;ZADAXIN;Thymosin α1 Acetate;Thymosin αAcetate salt;Thymalfasin Acetate salt;Thymosin α 1 Acetate(Thymalfasin)
  • CAS No: 62304-98-7
  • Molecular Formula: The molecular formula for Thymosin Alpha-1 is C129H215N33O55, reflecting its composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms.
  • Stability: Tα1 is relatively stable under refrigeration (2-8°C) and is typically supplied in lyophilized form to ensure stability until reconstitution for use.
  • Solubility: It is soluble in water and saline, facilitating its administration via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection after reconstitution.
  • Mechanism of Action: Tα1 enhances immune response by modulating the activity of T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. It increases the maturation and differentiation of T cells and stimulates the production of cytokines, enhancing the body’s immune response to infections and tumors.
  • Therapeutic Use: Thymosin Alpha-1 is used to treat chronic hepatitis B and C infections, certain cancers, and as an immune response enhancer in vaccines. It is also being explored for its potential benefits in treating other conditions related to immune dysfunction.
  • Efficacy: Clinical trials have demonstrated that Tα1 can effectively improve immune response in patients with viral hepatitis and certain cancers, leading to improved clinical outcomes.
  • Side Effects: Thymosin Alpha-1 is generally well-tolerated, with few reported side effects. Possible side effects may include local injection site reactions and mild flu-like symptoms.
  • Safety Profile: Tα1 has been shown to be safe for use in a wide range of clinical settings, with a low incidence of adverse effects reported in clinical trials.
  • Legal Status and Availability: Thymosin Alpha-1 has been approved for medical use in several countries for the treatment of hepatitis B and C and certain cancers. Its availability and approval status may vary by country.
  • Shelf Life: 36 months
  • Appearance: White lipolyzed powder puck

Thymosin Alpha-1Mechanisms of Action

Tα1 enhances immune system function by augmenting T-cell, dendritic cell, and antibody responses. It promotes the maturation of T cells from thymocytes, increases the differentiation of dendritic cells, and stimulates cytokine production. This multifaceted approach strengthens the immune response to pathogens and malignancies. Tα1 achieves these effects by binding to intracellular components that modulate immune cell differentiation and activity, influencing the expression of several key genes involved in the immune response​​.

Therapeutic Applications

One of the primary applications of Tα1 is in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C infections. Studies have demonstrated that Tα1 can enhance the effectiveness of antiviral therapy, leading to improved viral clearance and liver function in infected patients​​. This is particularly valuable for chronic hepatitis patients, where the immune system often struggles to clear the infection effectively.

In cancer therapy, Tα1 has been explored as an adjunct treatment due to its ability to restore immune function and improve the body’s response to tumors. By enhancing the activity of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, Tα1 can potentially increase the effectiveness of conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy​​.

Furthermore, Tα1 has shown promise in treating immunodeficiency diseases, including HIV/AIDS. By bolstering the immune response, Tα1 can help manage opportunistic infections and improve the quality of life for individuals with compromised immune systems​​.

Clinical Trials and Research

Clinical trials have been pivotal in understanding Tα1’s therapeutic potential. A significant body of research supports its use in treating viral infections, cancer, and immunodeficiencies. For example, a study on Tα1’s efficacy in chronic hepatitis B patients revealed that it could significantly reduce viral load and enhance liver function, suggesting its utility as part of combination therapy​​.

In oncology, clinical trials have investigated Tα1’s role in boosting the immune response to various types of cancer. These studies have found that Tα1 can enhance the efficacy of existing cancer treatments, leading to better patient outcomes​​.

Safety and Tolerability

Tα1 is generally well-tolerated by patients, with minimal side effects reported in clinical trials. Its safety profile, combined with its potential to significantly improve immune responses, makes it an attractive candidate for further development and integration into treatment protocols for a variety of diseases​​.

Conclusion

Thymosin Alpha-1 represents a promising therapeutic agent with the potential to significantly impact the treatment of infectious diseases, cancer, and immunodeficiencies. Its mechanisms of action, which enhance and modulate the immune system, offer hope for patients with conditions that currently have limited treatment options. Ongoing research and clinical trials will continue to elucidate its full therapeutic potential and pave the way for its wider use in clinical practice.

Referenced Citations

  1. Thymosin alpha 1: A comprehensive review of the literature – Overview of Tα1’s roles in modifying, enhancing, and restoring immune function across various conditions.
    (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32698166/)
  2. Efficacy Evaluation of Thymosin Alpha 1 in Non-severe Patients With COVID-19 – Investigates the effect of Tα1 in non-severe COVID-19 patients. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33078138/)
  3. Thymosin Alpha 1 Reduces the Mortality of Severe Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Patients – Explores Tα1’s role in reducing mortality among severe COVID-19 cases.
    (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32854163/)
  4. The efficacy of thymosin alpha-1 therapy in moderate to critical COVID-19 patients – Study suggesting Tα1 may reduce mortality rate in moderate to critical COVID-19 patients.
    (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32726897/)
  5. Efficacy of Thymosin Alpha 1 in the Treatment of COVID-19: A Multicenter Cohort Study – Aims to explore the efficacy of Tα1 as COVID-19 therapy. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33147840/)
  6. Thymosin α1 therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19 – Evaluates the efficacy of Tα1 for critical COVID-19 patients. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32810460/)
  7. Thymosin alpha 1 for the adjuvant treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – Assesses the effect of Tα1 on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32521474/)
  8. Thymosin alpha 1 – Reimagine its broader applications in the immunotherapy landscape – Discusses Tα1’s critical roles in T cell maturity and differentiation, and its broader applications.
    (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31779925/)
  9. Thymosin alpha 1: biological activities, applications and genetic engineering production – Investigates Tα1’s biological activities, applications, and the possibility for biotechnological production. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20574669/)
  10. Thymosin α1 interacts with Galectin-1 modulating the β-catenin pathway – Studies the mechanism of action of Tα1 and its effects in health and disease.
    (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31962208/)
Product Usage: This PRODUCT IS INTENDED AS A RESEARCH CHEMICAL ONLY. This designation allows the use of research chemicals strictly for in vitro testing and laboratory experimentation only. All product information available on this website is for educational purposes only. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law. This product should only be handled by licensed, qualified professionals. This product is not a drug, food, or cosmetic and may not be misbranded, misused or mislabled as a drug, food or cosmetic.

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